Drones are systems of interconnected parts — each one performing a crucial function.

1. Power System

• Battery: Stores electrical energy.

• Power Distribution Board (PDB): Sends energy from the battery to each ESC.

• ESC (Electronic Speed Controller): Controls how fast each motor spins, based on commands from the flight controller.

2. Propulsion System

• Motors: Convert electrical energy into mechanical motion.

• Propellers: Create thrust and lift by pushing air downward.

3. Control System

• Flight Controller: The central processor that takes signals from the pilot or sensors and adjusts motor speeds to balance the drone.

• Receiver: Gets control commands from the pilot’s remote.

• Transmitter (Remote Control): Sends signals to the drone.

4. Navigation and Sensing

• GPS Module: Provides position and altitude data.

• Sensors: Gyroscope and accelerometer detect rotation and tilt to help maintain stability.

5. Structural System

• Frame: The rigid body that holds all parts in place.
  Frames can be made of carbon fiber, plastic, or aluminum, depending on strength and weight requirements.